{"text": "# 第十四章 抗过敏药\n\n过敏反应(又称变态反应)是人体接触过敏原后出现的不正常的免疫应答。抗过敏药通常包括三大类：抗组胺药、抗白三烯以及其他介质药、肥大细胞膜稳定剂。\n\n## 第一节 抗组胺药\n\n组胺是过敏性疾病病理机制中的主要介质。抗组胺药也称 H1 受体拮抗剂。", "metadata": {"source": "e21df53c-85df-4a02-afa9-58da0e9a2b0d_sample_yaodian.txt", "source_type": "中华人民共和国药典临床用药须知（webqingxi）", "drug_name": "总述", "chapter_display": "第十四章 抗过敏药", "profile": "yaodian_clinical", "job_id": "e21df53c-85df-4a02-afa9-58da0e9a2b0d", "keywords": ["药典", "总述"], "chunk_id": "yaodian-web::d28c78a62376", "engine": "yaodian_chunker_v1"}, "chunk_role": "parent", "unit_id": "P", "continued": false}
{"text": "### 马来酸氯苯那敏 [药典(二); 国基; 医保(甲)]\nChlorpheniramine Maleate\n【适应证】①用于皮肤过敏症：荨麻疹、湿疹、皮炎、药疹；②用于过敏性鼻炎；③用于药物及食物过敏。\n【药理】(1)药效学 为烷基胺类抗组胺药，可与组胺竞争性拮抗 H1 受体。(2)药动学 口服吸收迅速，作用可维持 4～6 小时。\n【不良反应】有嗜睡、疲劳、口干，少见胸闷、心悸。\n【禁忌证】对本品及辅料过敏者禁用。\n【注意事项】闭角型青光眼患者慎用；用药期间不得驾驶。\n【用法与用量】成人口服：一次4～8mg，一日3次。\n【制剂与规格】马来酸氯苯那敏片：(1)1mg；(2)4mg。", "metadata": {"source": "e21df53c-85df-4a02-afa9-58da0e9a2b0d_sample_yaodian.txt", "source_type": "中华人民共和国药典临床用药须知（webqingxi）", "drug_name": "马来酸氯苯那敏", "chapter_display": "第十四章 抗过敏药", "profile": "yaodian_clinical", "job_id": "e21df53c-85df-4a02-afa9-58da0e9a2b0d", "keywords": ["马来酸氯苯那敏"], "chunk_id": "yaodian-web::6d4e90ac9ae5::p0", "related_chunk_ids": ["yaodian-web::d28c78a62376"], "relation_sources": ["parent_scope", "same_drug_parts"], "engine": "yaodian_chunker_v1"}, "chunk_role": "drug", "unit_id": "C1", "continued": false, "qc_degraded": false}
{"text": "### 盐酸苯海拉明 [药典(二); 国基; 医保(甲)]\nDiphenhydramine Hydrochloride\n【适应证】①皮肤、黏膜过敏如荨麻疹、过敏性鼻炎；②晕动病的防治；③镇静作用：术前给药。\n【药理】本品为乙醇胺衍生物，具抗组胺、中枢抑制及镇吐作用。\n【不良反应】最常见嗜睡、头晕、口干、恶心。\n【禁忌证】新生儿和早产儿禁用；对本品过敏者禁用。\n【注意事项】妊娠妇女慎用；应用后避免驾驶。\n【用法与用量】成人口服：一次25～50mg，一日2～3次。\n【制剂与规格】盐酸苯海拉明片：25mg。", "metadata": {"source": "e21df53c-85df-4a02-afa9-58da0e9a2b0d_sample_yaodian.txt", "source_type": "中华人民共和国药典临床用药须知（webqingxi）", "drug_name": "盐酸苯海拉明", "chapter_display": "第十四章 抗过敏药", "profile": "yaodian_clinical", "job_id": "e21df53c-85df-4a02-afa9-58da0e9a2b0d", "keywords": ["盐酸苯海拉明"], "chunk_id": "yaodian-web::d1072f7d551d::p0", "related_chunk_ids": ["yaodian-web::d28c78a62376"], "relation_sources": ["parent_scope", "same_drug_parts"], "engine": "yaodian_chunker_v1"}, "chunk_role": "drug", "unit_id": "C2", "continued": false, "qc_degraded": false}
{"text": "### 茶苯海明 [药典(二)；医保(乙)]\nDimenhydrinate\n【适应证】①主要用其抗晕动症；②对妊娠、梅尼埃病引起的恶心、呕吐也有一定效果。\n【药理】本品为苯海拉明与茶碱的复盐，抗晕动作用较强。\n【不良反应】大剂量可产生嗜睡、头晕。\n【禁忌证】新生儿及早产儿禁用。\n【注意事项】用药期间不宜驾驶；妊娠初期慎用。\n【用法与用量】预防晕动病：出发前30分钟口服25～50mg。\n【制剂与规格】茶苯海明片：(1)25mg；(2)50mg。", "metadata": {"source": "e21df53c-85df-4a02-afa9-58da0e9a2b0d_sample_yaodian.txt", "source_type": "中华人民共和国药典临床用药须知（webqingxi）", "drug_name": "茶苯海明", "chapter_display": "第十四章 抗过敏药", "profile": "yaodian_clinical", "job_id": "e21df53c-85df-4a02-afa9-58da0e9a2b0d", "keywords": ["茶苯海明"], "chunk_id": "yaodian-web::9c76c4b0cc5a::p0", "related_chunk_ids": ["yaodian-web::d28c78a62376"], "relation_sources": ["parent_scope", "same_drug_parts"], "engine": "yaodian_chunker_v1"}, "chunk_role": "drug", "unit_id": "C3", "continued": false, "qc_degraded": false}